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Skin Lesions

A skin lesion is any abnormal change to the skin or area of skin that is different from the surrounding skin. Skin lesions can be smooth or textured, symmetric or irregularly shaped, and large or small. While most skin lesions are benign, but some can be cancerous. They may be presented at birth (congenital), or developed later in life due to environmental or health factors.

Skin lesions can be caused by a variety of factors and are generally classified into two categories.

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​​1. Primary

These are lesions that occur as a direct result of a disease or condition. Examples may include:

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  • Macules - flat, discolored spots (e.g., freckles, flat moles)

  • Papules - small, raised bumps smaller than 1cm

  • Nodules - firm bumps that extends deeper into the skin

  • Plaques - raised, flat-topped areas larger than 1cm

  • Vesicles - small, fluid-filled blisters

  • Bullae - larger, fluid-filled blisters

  • Pustules - small, pus-filled blisters

  • Wheals - raised, itchy welts (e.g., hives)

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2. Secondary

These develop from changes in primary lesion, either from natural progression or external factors like infection or trauma. Examples may include:​​​

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  • Scales - flakes of dead skin

  • Crusts - dried blood, pus, or other fluid (e.g., scabs)

  • Ulcers - open sores

  • Fissures - deep cracks in skin

  • Scars - fibrous tissues that forms over healing wounds​​​​

What causes skin lesions?

Skin lesions are common and can be caused by a wide range of factors ranging from infections (e.g. bacterial, viral, fungal, parasites), to inflammatory conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis), allergic reactions to certain foods/ medications/ chemicals, autoimmune disorders, skin cancer, trauma, injury or even genetic conditions. 

 

How can we help you?

While skin lesions may be harmless, but many people choose to treat them for cosmetic reasons, discomfort, or to prevent them from spreading to other areas of the body. Treatments may include:

  • Topical Medications - creams, ointments, or gels containing corticosteroids, antibiotics, or antifungal agents can help treat infections, inflammation, or other skin conditions.

  • Cryotherapy (Freezing) - liquid nitrogen can be applied to certain lesions, such as warts or precancerous growth, to freeze and remove them.

  • Laser Therapy - lasers can be used to remove certain types of lesions, like birthmarks or spider veins.

  • Surgical Removal - suspicious lesions or skin growths, like moles or cysts, may be surgically removed, especially if there is a risk of skin cancer.

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Diagnosis of Skin Lesions​

  • Physical Examination

  • Skin Biopsy

  • Blood Test

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